Pranaym is not, as many think, something about breath. Breath has very little to do with it. Breathing is a part of the exercises through which we get to the real Pranayam. Pranayam means
the control of Pran, the intangible energy of life.
As per the oldest treatise 'Yog Sutra' by Patanjali, Pranayam is the fourth stage of Yog that comes after Yam, Niyam, Asan, ie only after purifying the body and the mind and maintaining a healthy body by diet and exercise, one is trained to increase, control and direct the Pran for higher meditation.
However, as said above, it comes after mental and physical purification through Yams and Niyams of compassion, contentment, surrender to god, celibacy, truth, a virtuos life style and abstinence ie the path of a yogi with a very high energy level.
There are many types of Pranayam:
Quiet Breathing , Deep Breathing , Fast Breathing, Nadi Shuddhi Pranayam, Anulom- Vilom,Suryan Bhedan Pranayam, Ujjayi Pranayam, Bhramari Pranayam, Pranayam from Hatha Yoga- Surya Bhedan, Bhasrika, Ujjayi, Shitali, Sitkari, Bhramari,Murchha & Plavini Pranayam.
As seen above the practices of Pranyam is meant for use by Yogis for higher purposes.
However for Good health and a relaxed mind, good breathing throughout the day is absolutely necessary.
Still, looking around we do not see anybody having a visible breathing ie chest or stomach movememt except for children, who need much more oxygen.
So, basically we are breathing just enough to survive, resulting in low stamina, fatigue, wet gain in long run, frequent sickness, forgetfulness, stress, anxiety, anger, an internalized mind, less awareness and so on.
However, at higher levels of breathing one can actually find and enjoy much higher intelligence, active mind, externalized mind, high awareness, high productivity, success and a healthy body, way beyond one could imagine.
Good breathing means optimized breathing. At a lower rate of intake "Hypoentilation" develops resulting fatigue, depression, low body temp amd sicknesses develop. Excess intake rate results in "Hyperventilation " resulting in dizziness.
Both are not good for health. Therefore we need the breathing at an optimized rate at which sufficient oxygen is taken with sufficient time for absorption by the lungs.
This optimized rate for routine life has been found to be 4-2-4-2 or 6-3-6-3 for most people, while it can go beyond for advanced practitioner.
One should discover and set into a breathing rhythm that suits him best.
So, to enjoy health, happiness and success we must remind oursleves to
1. develop and adopt good breathing practices throughout the day, as much as we can.
2. Clothes, innerwear, belt, tie etc loose enough to not affect chest or diaphragm movement
3. Ventilation - esp in AC room and Car- Most AC used today use nil or negligible fresh for less load on compressor or less energy consumption.
Result -Sleepiness esp in cars.
While we should use recirculation option for a small time, a small ventilation should be available. It changes the air quality and freshness experience altogether.
4. Snoring is bad for breathing and fatal in very long run. My post on snoring is available.
5. An early and light dinner followed by a walk or motion ensures good breathing during sleep buy allowing diaphragm movement. Also reduces risk of Asthma by reducing GERD.
6. Sleep 7-8 hrs mandatory, as body consumes much air during REM sleep for repair, recovery growth and immunity.
7. Sufficient water intake
Keep Breathing your way to Good health and Happiness!